Film making techniques

180 Degree Rule
This technique is crucial in film making and without it you will break the flow of the scene and disorientate the viewer.
The basic idea is that each character must stay on the same sides of the frame at all times. For example: if in a dialogue situation a man and woman were sitting at opposite sides of a table and the camera was position so that the woman was on the right and the man was on the left, if the camera cut to the opposite end of the table the actors would have to swap seats so as not to confuse the audience. If you break the 180 degree rule you are 'crossing the line'. In only one case are you allowed to 'cross the line' and that is if the camera is moving and you physically see the camera 'cross the line'.

Shot-reverse shot
shot-reverse shot is a technique where you have an over shoulder shot of one person looking at another and then it cuts to and over shoulder shot of the first person. It can be used in the same way if a character is looking at a newspaper, for example, and then cuts to the newspaper from their point of view.

Match-On-Action

Match on Action is a technique used in film editing when a cut connects two different views of the same action at the same moment in the movement. You have to carefully match the movement across the two shots to make it seem as though the motion continues uninterrupted.